Vlaški/Žejanski/Istro-Romanian – Croatian Dictionary
cmálim
(i: χmálim) pril. (Ž)
odmah, smjesta; cmálim voi̭ i̭í cân sórele zai̭díre - smjesta ću ići kada sunce zađe.
co de
prijedl. izraz (Ž)
oko, okolo; pokraj, pored; blizu; oví se co de ɣút - oviti se oko vrata (grla); co de zíd - pokraj zida, blizu zida; číre av co de i̭å trecút? - tko je prošao pored nje?; co de i̭é cuvintå - govoriti u njegovoj blizini.
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Kratica / Abbreviation
Hrvatski / Croatian
Engleski / English
1.
prvo (lice)
first (person)
2.
drugo (lice)
second (person)
3.
treće (lice)
thrid (person)
akuz.
akuzativ
accusative
augment.
augmentativ, augmentativno
augmentative
B
Brdo (Bârda)
Brdo (Bârda)
bezl.
bezličan, bezlično
impersonal
čak.
čakavski
Čakavian (dialect of Croatian)
čest.
čestica
particle
čl.
član
article
dat.
dativ
dative
demin.
deminutiv
diminutive
dvorod
dvorod
ambigenous (noun)
G
Gradinje
Gradinje
gen.
genitiv
genitive
gen.-dat.
genitiv-dativ
genitive-dative
gl.
glavni
cardinal
glag.
glagol
verb
hrv.
hrvatski
Croatian
im.
imenica
noun
imperat.
imperativ
imperative
imperf.
imperfektiv
imperfective
iter.
iterativ, iterativno
iterative, iteratively
(i)tr.
tranzitivan i intranzitivan
transitive and intransitive
itr.
intranzitivan
intransitive
J
Jug
South
jedn.
jednina
singular
K
Kostrčan (Costârčan)
Kostrčan (Costârčan)
komparat.
komparativ
comparative
l.
(gramatičko) lice
(grammatical) person
lok.
lokativ
locative
m
muški rod, muškog roda
(of) masculine gender
mjes.
mjesni, mjesta
locative, of location
mn.
množina
plural
N
Nova Vas (Noselo, Nosolo)
Nova Vas (Noselo, Nosolo)
nač.
načinski, načina
manner, of manner
nagl.
naglašeno, naglašeni oblik
stressed, stressed form
nenagl.
nenaglašeno, nenaglašeni oblik
unstressed, unstressed form
neodr.
neodređeni
indefinite
njem.
njemački
German
oblik
oblik
form
odr.
određeni
definite
onomatopej.
onomatopejski
onomatopoetic
os.
(gramatička) osoba
(grammatical) person
ozn.
oznaka
phrase
part. pas.
particip pasivni
passive participle
part. prez.
particip prošli
past participle
part. prošli
particip prošli
past participle
pl.
plural
plural
pokaz.
pokazni
demonstrative
posv.
posvojni
possessive
povr.
povratan
reflexive
pridj.
pridjev
adjective
prijedl.
prijedlog
preposition
pril.
prilog
adverb
proklit.
proklitika, proklitički
proclitic
r.
rod
gender
red.
redni
ordinal
S
Sušnjevica, Šušnjevica (Susńeviţę)
Sušnjevica, Šušnjevica (Susńeviţę)
se
srednji rod, srednjeg roda
neuter
Suc
Jesenovik (Sucodru)
Jesenovik (Sucodru)
superlat.
superlative
superlative
suprot.
suprotni
opposite
tal.
talijanski
Italian
tr.
tranzitivan
transitive
upit.-odn.
upitno-odnosni
interrogative-relative
uzv.
uzvik
exclamation
vezn.
veznik
conjunction
vok.
vokativ
vocative
vrem.
vremenski, vremena
temporal, of time
ž
ženski rod, ženskog roda
(of) feminine gender
Ž
Žejane (Žeiân)
Žejane (Žeiân)
zamj.
zamjenica
pronoun
Zank
Zankovci
Zankovci
This is a handy guide for nonspecifics in the graphical system used to write the Vlach or Žejanski (ie, Istrian) language in this dictionary. We provide approximate Croatian and English voice equivalents for the letters most often used in the dictionary.
Letter
Croatian Equivalent
English Equivalent
a
a
Similar a in bud.
å
A voice spoken in the back of the oral cavity, between the Croatian a and o.
Similar a in call.
â
Similar to the sound pronounced, but not written, between t and r in Croatian trg.
Slično ir in bird.
b
b
b
c (+a, å, â, o, u)
k
k, "hard" c
č
č
ch
d
d
d
dz;
dzdz
dzds in buds
e
e
e
ę
Very open e, between Croatian e and a.
Similar to English a in cat.
f
f
f
g
g
g
Y
No equivalent; like Castillian g in amigo.
No equivalent; like Castillian g in amigo.
ğ
đ
Similar g in gin.
h
h
h
i
i
i
A
j
Similar y in you.
k(+i, e, ę)
k
k, "hard" c.
l
l
l
l'
lj
Similar lli in million.
m
m
m
n
n
n
ń
nj
Similar ni in onion.
ń
nj
Similar ni in onion.
ŋ
n before k or g
n before k, “hard” c or g
o
o
o
p
p
p
r
r
r
s
s
s
ş
š
sh
t
t
t
ţ
c
Like ts in Congrats!
t"
A very soft ć sound. Similar to t and j pronounced quickly together.
Like ts in Congrats!
u
u
u
ṷ
Similar to u in Europa.
Similar w.
v
v
v
z
z
z
ž
ž
Similar s in measure.
Diacritics combining with letters for different vowels:
́́´ Marks the placement of the word stress.
˜ Marks a nasalized vowel.
We refer linguists and other specialists to pp. 9-15 and pp. 246-255 of the original print dictionary—Istrorumunjski-hrvatski rječnik (s gramatikom i tekstovima) [insert hyperlink to Bibliography] by August Kovačec—for a detailed and technical introduction to the transcription system used in the dictionary. In the main,Kovačec’s spelling system follows the long, while rather inconsistent, tradition of spelling used by Romanian dialectologists to represent the language, while adding some special symbols to it. There is no standardized and/or agreed upon version of the spelling for the language. Kovčec’s transcription is largely phonological (i.e., it represents only distinctive sounds), but also often indicates characteristic phonetic variations.
